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Five-year plans in India:-
Today we will discuss one of the main topics of Economics and History i.e “Five Year Plans in India Goals and Achievements.
Planning is a key factor in each and every country for the Development of their Country.
Let’s discuss the achievement, objectives, and goals of five-year plans.
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1st Five Year Plan (1951 – 1956 ):-
1) Time Period was April 1951 – March 1956
2) It was based on the Harrod – Domar Model
3) Moto was self-reliant Closed Economy ✌✌
4) The budget was 2069 cr which later became 2378 cr
5) Its target was set to 2.1 while 3.6 was achieved
6) About 5 IIteis were established
7) Major dams Bhakara, Hirakud, Damodar were set up.
8) University grant commission was set up to take care of Higher Education in Society
9) It totally focused on the Primary sector and about 44 % budget i.e 900 cr was contributed to Agriculture and Irrigation
10) Food Production and railway Lines were increased.
2nd Five Year Plan ( 1956 – 1961):-
1) Time Period was between April 1956 – March 1961.
2) It was based on Mahalanobis Model.
3) It adopted a ‘Socialist Economy’. ?
4) The budget of the plan was 4800 cr.
5) Its target was 4.5 % were only 4.27 % was achieved
6) Hydroelectric Plants and Steels plants were set up in Bhilai, Rourkela, Durgapur with help of Russia, the U.K and Germany.
7) Coal production was increased.
8) Tata Institute of Fundamental Research & Atomic Energy Commission of India was est in 1957
9) In 1957 scholarship program was started to help poor students
10) Income growth of 25 % while per capita and National Income of 8 %
3rd Five Year Plan ( 1961 – 1966 )
1) Time Period was April 1961 – March 1966.
2) This formula is known as the “Gadgil Formula” ?
3) Target was set 5.6% while 2.8 % was achieved
4) Total Budget of the plan was 8600 cr
5) State road transportation was formed and building roads was given the responsibility to the state.
6) Production of Wheat was boosted especially from Punjab
7) Green Revolution was started which had a good impact on production
8) State electricity board and State Higher education board were established
9) This plan gave supremacy to Primary and Secondary
10) This plan was flopped due to the Indo – Sino War, the Indo – Pak, and the famine of 1965.
4th Five Year Plan ( 1969 – 1974):-
1) The objective of the plan was Growth with stability and Progressive of Self reliance
2) Target was set to 5.7 % where 3.3 % was achieved
3) Total Budget of the plan was 16000 cr
4) 14 Banks were nationalized on 19 July 1969
5) ISRO was formed in 1969
6) Nuclear Test was performed in Pokhran on 18 May 1974
7) After Indo Pak 1971 war Pakistan was broke into 2 parts
8) 1st two years were best but due to the formation of Bangladesh, the Refugee problem also took Place
9) It was flopped due to Indo Pak war of 1971, the Famine of 1972 and the Oil Crisis of 1973
5th Five Year Plan ( 1974 – 1979 ):-
1) Time Period was from April 1974 – March 1979
2) The objective of the plan was the Removal of Poverty and Self Reliance
3) The target set was 4.4 % and 4.8 % was achieved
4 ) Total Budget of the Plan was 40000 cr
5 ) D.P.Dhar was the main lead role in this Plan
6) Indian National Highways system was brought for Expanding Roads
7) Twenty Point Programme was launched on 1 July 1975
8) Minimum Needs Programme was brought in this Problem
9) This Plan was later terminated in 1978 and then PM Morarji Desai introduced Rolling Plans
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6th Five Year Plans ( 1980 – 1985 ):-
1) Time Period was April 1980 – March 1985.
2) Total Budget of the Plan was 1,58,000 cr
3) The target set was 5.2 % while 5.7 % was achieved
4) Food Production increased to 151 MT
5) The poverty of India reduced from 47 % to 37 %
6) Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP) was launched on 2 Oct 1980
7) National Rural Employment Programme (NREP ) launched in Oct 1980
8) Training of Rural Youth for Self Employment Started
9) NABARD was established for rural development on 12 July 1982 by recommendation of the Shivraman Committee ?
10) This Plan was successful and had growth in all Sectors
7th Five Year Plan ( 1985 – 1990):-
1) Time Period was from April 1985 – March 1990.
2) The target set was 5 % and 6 % was achieved.
3) Total Budget was 1,80,000 cr while 2,10,000 cr was used
4) Objectives of the Plan were increasing food productivity and generating employment about 39 Million targets were set
5) SEBI was established in 1988
6) Per Capita was increased to 3.7 %
7) Computers were introduced and courses like CDAC were brought which later made India an IT Hub
8) Special Emphasis was given to SC, ST, Women and Children
9) More attention was given to Rural and Village Development and about 60 % of Villages were developed
10 ) Total Import was 54000 cr and Export was 33000 cr.
8th Five Year Plan ( 1992 – 1997 ):-
1) Due to the Economic crisis, annual plans were taken two years from 1990 to 1992
2) Time Period of the Plan was from April 1992 – March 1997
3) The target set was 5.6 % while about 6.8 % was achieved
4) Total Outlay of the plan was 8 lakh crore
5) India became a member of the World Trade Organization on 1 Jan 1995
6) LPG Plan i.e Liberalization Privatization Globalization was introduced in this Plan
7) Pradhan Mantri Rojgar Yojna was introduced in 1993
8) Panchayat Raj, Nagar Palika and NGOs were started.
9) Inflation came down by 3.8 % from Sep 1991 to 1997
10) NSE i.e National Stock Exchange brought in Indian Market in 1992
11) Annual growth in agriculture was 3.9 % and per capita was 4.4 %
12) This is the most important plan when we overview Five Year Plans in India Goals and achievements
9th Five Year Plan ( 1997 – 2002 ):-
1) Time Period was between April 1997 to March 2002.
2) The target set was 6.5 % where 5.4 % was achieved
3) Total Budget of the plan was 8.60 lakh CRORES
4) The objective of the Plan was Social Justice and Equality
5 ) Due to the political crisis in-country NDC gave approval in Feb 1999
6) Agricultural growth was 2.1 % Industrial growth was 4.5 % while Tertiary growth was 7.8 %
7) Over 200 Research and Development institutions were established
8) Under Employment Assurance scheme gave about 4.7 lakh jobs in 1st year
9 ) This plan was average due to the Asian crisis going since 1997, Cyclone in Orissa, Kargil War and Gujrat Earthquake and Riots
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10th Five Year Plan (2002 – 2007 ):-
1) Time Period was between April 2002 – March 2007
2) Total Budget of Plan was 15 Lakh Crore
3) The target set was 8 % while 7.5 % was achieved
4 ) Objectives set were Population Control, Increase in Literacy and Reduction in Infant Mortality.
5) MGNERGA Scheme was launched
6) RTI Right to Information was brought
7) Industries and Service sector had marginal growth of 8.9 % and 9.3 %
8) Twenty Points Programme has repeated once again in this Plan
11th Five Year Plan ( 2007 – 2012 ):-
1) Time Period was between April 2007 – March 2012
2) The target set was 9 % while 8.3 % was achieved
3) The budget of the Plan was 36 lakh Crore
4) Centre helped with 59 % funds while states with 41 %
5) The objective of the plan was Towards faster and more inclusive growth
6) Generating 58 Million of Employment was the target set
7) Rangarajan Committee was set up which introduced CPI Combined to check Poverty
8) NULM – National Urban Livelihood Mission was launched
9) Rajiv Awas Yojna was introduced in 2009 under the Ministry of Housing & Urban Poverty Alleviation
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Conclusion of Five Year Plans in India Goals and achievements:
This was all about Five Year Plans in India Goals and achievements. In this article, we discussed all the five-year plans which took place in the post Independence era from 1951 to 2014.
Five-year plans were most important when it comes to the development of the country after independence. It was the biggest reason why post-independence history was written in golden words.
JAY HIND….!!!!