Governor generals of India

As we all know the British Empire started with the Battle of Plassey in India, and later on it was the Battle of Buxar and Allahabad Treaty in 1765 which gave them the right to collect revenue and interfere in the Politics of that region.

Britishers started introducing Acts in India to apply rules and regulations.

After introducing the Regulating Act of 1773 they started to post  ” Governor-General of Bengal “. Today we will discuss Governor generals of India.

 

So today points which we will discuss are:-

1. 1st governor-general of India
2. Last governor-general of India
3. What majors decisions they took in their period

 

Titles and their Period:-

1757 – 1772:- Governor of Bengal
1773 – 1832:- Governor-General of Bengal
1833 – 1857:- Governor Generals of India
1858 – 1947:- Viceroys of India
1947 – 1950:- Governor-General of India

 

Governor-generals-India

 

Governor-general of India list:- 

 

1. Lord Warren Hastings (1773 – 1785):-

●1st Anglo Maratha War was fought
●2nd Anglo Mysore War was fought
●Governor of Bengal became Governor-General of Bengal
●The Supreme court was established in Calcutta
●He started Madarsa in Calcutta for Islam Study
●He founded the Asiatic Society of Bengal in 1784

 

2. Lord Cornwallis (1786 – 1793):-

●He introduced permanent settlement of Bengal (Zamindari System)
●He made a police station in Calcutta
●3rd Anglo Mysore War took place in his time
●Introduction of civil Services

 

3. Lord Wellesley (1798 -1805):- 

●Treaty of Bassein
●4th Anglo Mysore War
●2nd Anglo Maratha War
●He adopted a subsidiary alliance
●He founded Fort William College at Calcutta

 

4. Lord Minto 1 (1807 – 1813):-

●Treaty of Amritsar took place between Ranjit Singh and the East India Company

 

5. Lord Francis Hastings (1813 – 1823):-

●3rd Anglo Maratha War
●Anglo Nepal War
●He introduced Ryotwari and Mahalwari system in Bombay
●He abolished censorship of the Press

 

6. Lord Amherst (1823 – 1828):-

●1st Anglo Burma War
● Mutiny of Barakpur

 

7.Lord William Bentinck ( 1825 – 1835 ):-

●He was the first Governor-General of British India
●He abolished Sati practice
●He established 1st Medical collage in Calcutta
●He made English a language for higher education
●He worked better for Women and Child

 

8. Lord Charles Metcalfe (1835 – 1836):-

●He held the post and removed the restriction on Vernacular Press

 

9. Lord Auckland (1836 – 1842):- 

●1st Afghan War

 

10. Lord Dalhousie (1848 – 1856):- 

●He brought Doctrine of Lapse and 1st annexation was done of Satara
●He started Grank Trunk Road
●He brought the telegraph system in 1851
●Widow Remarriage Bill in 1856
● He started Railway and 1st railway was run from Bombay to Thane
●In 1854, Wood’s Dispatch was passed

 

 

Viceroys of India list:-

 

1.Lord Canning (1856 -1862 ):-

●The high court was made at Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras
●Universities were established in Bombay, Calcutta, and Madras
●He withdrew Doctrine of Lapse

 

2.Lord Lawrence (1864 -1869 ):-

●He created ‘Indian Forest Department’
●He was a member of the Punjab Board for its administration
●He is also known as the savior of Punjab.

 

3.Lord Mayo (1869 -1872):-

●1st census of India was held during his time
●He organized a Statistical Survey of India
●He was murdered by Pathan in 1872 in Andaman and Nicobar

 

4.Lord Lytton (1876 -1880):-

●Vernacular press act was made in 1878
●Civil Services exam age was brought to 19 from 21

 

5.Lord Ripon (1880 – 1884) :-

●Called as ‘Father of Self Government’
●1st Factory act was passed
●Ibert Bill was passed
●Passed local self-government act in 1882

 

6. Lord Dufferin (1884 – 1888):-

●He formed Indian National Congress

 

7. Lord Lansdome (1888 -1894 ):-

●Indian council act of 1892
●2nd Factory act of 1891 was passed
●He appointed Durand Commission to define a line between British India and Afghanistan

 

8.Lord Curzon (1899 -1905) :-

●Bengal Partition was done in 1905
●Muslim League was formed in 1906
●Archaeological Survey was established
●Ancient monuments Act of 1904 was passed
●He also survived India’s culture

 

9.Lord Minto 2 (1905 -1910) :-

●Morley Minto Act was passed
●Surat Split took place

 

10.Lord Hardinge (1910 -1916):-

●Bengal partition was stopped
●The capital was shifted from Calcutta to Delhi in 1911
●Home rule movement by Annie Beasant

 

11.Lord Chelmsford (1916- 1921) :-

●Jallianwala Bagh
●Rowlett Act
●Non-Cooperation Movement
●Montague – Chelmsford reform Act of 1919
●Women’s University was founded in 1919 in Pune

 

12.Lord Reading (1921 – 1926):-

●Chauri Chaura
●Formation of Swaraj Party
●Kakori conspiracy

 

13.Lord Irwin (1926- 1931):-

●Simon Commission visited India in 1928
●Dandi March held in 1930
●Civil Disobedience movement launched in 1930
●Gandhi Irwin Pact
●1st Round Table Conference

 

14.Lord Willingdon (1931 -1936):-

●Poona Pact was signed
●2nd and 3rd round table took place
●Govt of India Act 1935 was passed
●The communal award started by MacDonald
●Myanmar separated

 

15.Lord Linlithgow (1936 -1944) :-

●2nd World war
●Cripps Mission visited India
●Quit India Movement Started
●1st-time elections took place

 

16.Lord Wavell (1944 – 1947 ):-

●Shimla Conference was held on June 25, 1945, between INC and the Muslim league
●Cabinet Mission was launched in 1946
●On Dec 9, 1946, the first meeting of the Constitution Assembly was held

Read this PDF about Governor generals in India.

 

Lord Mountbatten:-

He was the first Governor-general of independent India.

 

C.Gopalachari:-

He was the first Indian Governor-general of India.

 

Conclusion:-

In this article, we discussed the Governor-general and Viceroys of India.

India got its Freedom on 15 August 1947 and we enforced Constitution on 26 Jan 1950.